{"created":"2022-01-27T02:47:37.010787+00:00","id":2003073,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"b3c54511-e500-42eb-ba76-893584484f8d"},"_deposit":{"id":"2003073","owners":[1],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2003073"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:u-ryukyu.repo.nii.ac.jp:02003073","sets":["1642837622505:1642837905044:1642837912813","1642838403551:1642838407312"]},"author_link":[],"item_1617186331708":{"attribute_name":"Title","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_title":"パプアニューギニアにおける野生ランの分布と生態に関する調査研究(農学科)","subitem_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_title":"Researches on the Distribution and Ecological Feature of Native Orchids in papua New Guinea (Department of Agriculture)","subitem_title_language":"en"}]},"item_1617186419668":{"attribute_name":"Creator","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"上里, 健次","creatorNameLang":"ja"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"田川, 日出夫","creatorNameLang":"ja"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"坂田, 祐介","creatorNameLang":"ja"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"国本, 忠正","creatorNameLang":"ja"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"田中, 孝幸","creatorNameLang":"ja"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"有隅, 健一","creatorNameLang":"ja"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Uesato, Kenji","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Tagawa, Hideo","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Sakata, Yusuke","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Kunimoto, Tadamasa","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Tanaka, Takayuki","creatorNameLang":"en"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Arisumi, Kenichi","creatorNameLang":"en"}]}]},"item_1617186476635":{"attribute_name":"Access Rights","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_access_right":"open access","subitem_access_right_uri":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2"}]},"item_1617186626617":{"attribute_name":"Description","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"短期間の, しかも種々の点で制約を受けるサブワークであったにもかかわらず, 数多くの野生ランを見ることができたが, これはとりもなおさず, PNGにおけるラン科植物がいかに豊富であるかということを示しているといえる。これら膨大な数の野生ランの分布や生態およびその植生環境を総括するにあたっては, 今回の調査のみでは資料不足であることは否めない。しかし, 主要な点はひととおり確認することができたので, ここではDendrobiumを中心にいくつかの項目について考察する。<分布の地域的特性>PNGは南緯2°から12°までの範囲に位置しているにもかかわらず, 多くの山岳地帯を有して地形は複雑であり, また季節風の影響を受けて気象的に多様性が見られる。高温多湿の低地は熱帯そのものであるが, 中央高原地帯のそれはむしろ温帯性気候である。降雨量およびその分布も地域によって全く異なり, LaeやSepikおよびPapua湾中央部のKikoriなどは4,000mm以上の降雨量を有するが, Port Moresbyを含むサバンナ地域は極端に少なく, またその分布も一時期に限られている。それぞれの地域の気象条件に対応して植生が明確に区分される^<7)>が, このことはラン科植物についても同様で, いくつかの分布の特異性が指摘できる。すなわち, 乾燥地域ではその植生環境に適応して, 肥大多肉化した葉と長大な茎をもつものが多く, これらは光合成に際してCAM性をもつものと考えられる。また, 開花に関しては落葉性をもち前年性の古い茎に花をつけるものが多い。これらの特質は, D. rigidum, D. torricellianum, D. discolor, D. williamsianum, D. bracteosum, D. capituliflorum, Bulbophyllum fletcherianumなどに見ることができる。なお, 低地湿潤地域を代表するD. lineale, D. lasianthera, D. smilliaeなども外観的には長大な茎を有するが, 葉がやゝ薄いことなどが乾燥地のものと異なる。Dendrobiumについては, Schlechterが鮮細に調査して41のsectionを設けたが^<8,9)>, このことに関しては, 一般に低地性で花の美しいDendrobiumは乾燥地のものを含めてCeratobiumが多い。D. williamsianum, D. bigibbumの属するPhalaenantheも分布地は主として乾燥低地である。LatoureaにはD. musciferum, D. macrophyllum, D. atro-violaseum, D. bifalce, D. engaeなどが属するが, これは低地乾燥地域から湿潤地および内陸高地まで広範囲に分布している。","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"低地性のDendrobiumが比較的大型の草姿を有するのに対して, 高地性のものは一般に小型種が多い。とくに標高2,000mより上のNothofagusのmoss jungleに分布するものはおしなべて小型である。これらの地域のDendrobiumについて開花特性を列記すると, 花色が鮮明で豊富, 花形に変化が多い, 植物体に比して花が大きい, 周年開花が見られ花命がきわめて長い, などの注目すべき形質があげられる。これらは温度の日較差が大きく, 常に多湿でしかも気圧の低い高地における一つの適応型ともいえるが観賞園芸面で興味のある種類が多い。中でも, CuthberisoniaのD. sophronites, OxyglossumのD. oreocharis, D. uncinatum, D. pseudo-frigidum, D. petiolatum, pedilonum, のD. dichaeoides, CalyptrochilusのD. Iawesii, D. phloxなどは今後注目さられるべき原種である。なお, 内陸高地にはDendrobiumばかりでなく, Bulbophyllum, Phreatia, Cadetia, Thelasisなどにも小型種が多い。<種内変異>D. phloxは内陸高地に広範囲にわたって分布が見られるが, 花色, 花形および開花時における葉の着落などに変化の多いことが確認された。同様のことはD. Sophronites, D. uncinatum, D. pseud-ofrigidumなどの高地性DendrobiumおよびD. lineale, D. discolor, D. lasianthera, D. smilliaeなどの低地性Dendrobiumに多く見られた。その他, SpathoglottisやCoelogyneなどにも興味ある生態型が確認された。また, Bulbophyllumについてはとくに種の判別そのものが困難なものが多く, これらのことに関しては, より詳細な現地調査および分類上の整理が望まれる。<開花特性>標高の高低を問わず, 各地域に分布する野生ランを概観して注目されることの一つは, 開花株がきわめて多いことである。一般に, 熱帯においては温度, 湿度とも季節による変動が小さく, 日照時間も年間をとおしてほぼ同様である。これらの気象環境が四季咲性を促進する要因となっていると思われる。これはランに限らず, 多くの植物に見られる現象で, 隣接して植栽されているPoinsettiaが同時期にそれぞれ栄養生長および開花を示していたことなどは, その好例である。開花に関して, とくに高地性のDendrobiumで目だった他の点は, 花色が多彩で鮮明なこと, および小型の花を有するものが多いということであった。花形についてはD. pseudo-frigidumやD. uncinatumに見られるように, 花弁よりがく片が大きく","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"A research on the distribution and ecological features of native orchids in Papua New Guinea was carried out twice, once in 1978 and once in 1979. It was done as a subwork of 'Researches for Malaysian Rhododendron' which was planned by the staff of the ornamental Laboratory of Kagoshima University. Research projects were carried out mainly in the inner part of the Central Highlands, Mt. Kaiap in Enga Province and Wau in Morobe Province. In addition, research was attempted as opportunity allowed at various other regions such as Port Moresby, Lae, Baiyer River, and Amboin in Sepik. Results of research work mainly related to Dendrobium genus are summarized as follows. 1. The vegetation in the savanna region which spreads out in both the east and west sides of Papua Bay might be explaned by stating that some trees such as Melaleuca and Antidesma vegetate sparsely in the Imperata grassland. However, many Dendrobium species grow on the trees which are distributed in this region. These are D. discolor, D. antennatum, D. johannis in the Ceratobium section, D. williamsianum in the Phalaenanthe section and D. spectabile, D. bifalce in the Latourea section. All orchids including other species such as D. rigidum, D. torricellianum or another genera have some adaptive nature for dry climate. These are succulent and corpulent leaves which might have CAM pathway in photosynthesis, strong and large stem, and defoliate nature with flowering that flowers at the old stems. 2. The vegetation on the Rauna-Sogeri area is a tropical rain forest under heavy rain fall. However, some orchids distributed in this area are the same as the species in the savanna region. In addition to some of the above Dendrobium, D. Bracteosum and D. capituliflorum which bears flower clusters at the node of the old stem and D. platygastrum which have flattened stems were found. Futhermore, some large orchids such as Grammatophyllum papuanum, Vandopsis warocqueana and Bulbophyllum fletcherianum were distributed in this area. On the other hand, some small size orchids were observed on the rubber trees in Sogeri which had already passed 25 years of age such as Acriopsis, Oberonia, Diplocaulobium,","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"Schoenorchis and Bulbophyllum genera. 3. Under the high precipitation (4000-5000mm/year) and high temperature, the environs of Lae show a heavy jungle of tropical forest which consist of tall trees of Ficus and Therminalia. The most typical orchid in these area is Grammatophyllum papuana. There are many plants in high branches of the tall trees at Buso area near Lae. In the Lae region are such Dendrobium species as lineale, strebloceras, mirbelianum, warianum, bifalce, anosmum, acerosum. The vegetation in the sepikregion is known as the most typical rain forest in the tropics. In the Amboin area located in the area of the Karawari branch of the Sepik river, some Dendrobium species such as lasianthera, lineale, antennatum, conanthum, schuleri in the Celatobium section and smilliae in the Pedilonum section and some Diplocaulobium were observed. Some of the Celatobium section in wet regions including D. discolor in dry regions have intraspecific varieties in flower color and flower shape. More detailed research is needed regarding this phenomenon. The good strain must be maintained for improvement of the Dendrobium hybrids. 4. The grasslands that spreads out widely at various regions of the highlands are probably maintained by frequent burning by the local people. In these regions it is necessary to have strong bulbs or underground rhyzomes which easily sprout for the species to survive. Spathoglottis plicata and Coelogyne asperata are common in these grasslands. Surprisingly, Dendrobium sp. was also found on the ground there too. 5. The natural forest of the mountainous regions at high altitudes include two different forests. One is the Nothofagus forest located above altitudes of about 2000-2300 meters. The other is the Castanopsis forest located lower than the Nothofagus forest. The","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"紀要論文","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1617186643794":{"attribute_name":"Publisher","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_publisher":"琉球大学農学部","subitem_publisher_language":"ja"}]},"item_1617186702042":{"attribute_name":"Language","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_language":"jpn"}]},"item_1617186783814":{"attribute_name":"Identifier","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_type":"HDL","subitem_identifier_uri":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/4044"}]},"item_1617186920753":{"attribute_name":"Source Identifier","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_identifier":"0370-4246","subitem_source_identifier_type":"ISSN"},{"subitem_source_identifier":"AN00250548","subitem_source_identifier_type":"NCID"}]},"item_1617186941041":{"attribute_name":"Source Title","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_source_title":"琉球大学農学部学術報告","subitem_source_title_language":"ja"},{"subitem_source_title":"The Science Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture. University of the Ryukyus","subitem_source_title_language":"en"}]},"item_1617187056579":{"attribute_name":"Bibliographic Information","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1981-11-30","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"28","bibliographicPageEnd":"20","bibliographicPageStart":"1"}]},"item_1617258105262":{"attribute_name":"Resource Type","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_1617265215918":{"attribute_name":"Version Type","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_version_resource":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85","subitem_version_type":"VoR"}]},"item_1617605131499":{"attribute_name":"File","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_access","filename":"KJ00000162085.pdf","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"objectType":"fulltext","url":"https://u-ryukyu.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2003073/files/KJ00000162085.pdf"},"version_id":"affa12dc-283a-4dda-ba32-0d717235a045"}]},"item_title":"パプアニューギニアにおける野生ランの分布と生態に関する調査研究(農学科)","item_type_id":"15","owner":"1","path":["1642837912813","1642838407312"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2008-02-14"},"publish_date":"2008-02-14","publish_status":"0","recid":"2003073","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["パプアニューギニアにおける野生ランの分布と生態に関する調査研究(農学科)"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2022-10-31T01:14:52.558238+00:00"}