{"created":"2022-01-27T07:28:01.044616+00:00","id":2003232,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"98712a46-2354-45e7-a440-5a9716ca9b33"},"_deposit":{"id":"2003232","owners":[1],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2003232"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:u-ryukyu.repo.nii.ac.jp:02003232","sets":["1642837622505:1642837905044:1642837910985","1642838403551:1642838407312"]},"author_link":[],"item_1617186331708":{"attribute_name":"Title","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1551255647225":"沖縄産材の抗蟻性について(林学科)","subitem_1551255648112":"ja"},{"subitem_1551255647225":"On the Termite-resistance of Okinawan Timbers (Department of Forestry)","subitem_1551255648112":"en"}]},"item_1617186419668":{"attribute_name":"Creator","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"屋我, 嗣良","creatorNameLang":"ja"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Yaga, Shiryo","creatorNameLang":"en"}]}]},"item_1617186476635":{"attribute_name":"Access Rights","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1522299639480":"open access","subitem_1600958577026":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2"}]},"item_1617186626617":{"attribute_name":"Description","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"シロアリは熱帯を中心に棲息し, 被害も多く, 古くから研究対象として注目されている。大島(1919年)は, Callitris glaucaから抗蟻性成分として油状物を分離した。これが木材の抗蟻性を化学的に取扱った最初のものである。その後, G. N. WolcottやW. Sandermannらは熱帯産材に多数の殺蟻成分が含まれていることを見出した。温帯産の主要樹種の抗蟻値については, 渡辺らにより明らかにされ, そして近藤および佐伯らにより数種の新らしい殺蟻成分が単離同定された。著者は, 亜熱帯に属する沖縄産材の抗蟻性について検討した。まず渡辺らにより提案されたシロアリ簡易試験法を用いて, リュウキュウマツほか17種の沖縄産材に温帯産材のイヌマキおよびスギの2種を加え, 合計20種について抗蟻値を検討した。生物試験は, 一定条件下に供試材をイエシロアリ(生物試験はすべてイエシロアリを用いた)の攻撃にさらし, 供試材の重量減少で表現するのが従来のやり方であるが, 著者は新らしく, 供試昆虫の生体重量減少値で表現する方法を考案し, 従来の方法と平行して行った。供試材の形状は, 小ブロック状のほか, 鉋屑状, さらに木粉状である。これら3種の形状のうち, 木粉状での試験で得られた結果はセンダン, ヘツカニガキジスギ, イヌマキなどで著しい抗蟻性を示し, 沖縄地方での古くからの抗蟻性についての伝承と一致した。このことは構造材の抗蟻性試験法としては木粉状のものを使用するのが適切であることを示すばかりでなく, 長期に亘る構造用材の抗蟻値には化学的要因つまり抽出成分の影響が最も重要なことを示したものである。このような結果にもとずき, センダン及びヘツカニガキの抗蟻性成分について検討した。","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"センダンの抗蟻値は, 樹木の各部で異なり樹皮部>葉部>木部>種実の順であったが, 利用上の観点から, 木部について検討した。センダン材の抗蟻性成分はメタノール抽出物中の中性部に見出され, 活性成分は3群に分けられ, 2個の結晶性成分, 1個はnimbolin A, 他はC_<23>H_<38>O_5の分子式をもつ化合物が抗蟻性成分の主体であることを明らかにした。センダンにつぐ抗蟻性の大きい樹種としてヘツカニガキをとりあげた。その樹木各部での抗蟻値の大きさは, 樹皮部>葉部>木部の順であった。ここではとくに樹皮と木部についてそれぞれ検討した。それらの抗蟻性成分はメタノール抽出物中のアセトン可溶部にほとんど移行し, カラムクロマトグラフィーにより, 抗蟻性成分の主体はクマリン化合物scopoletinとその配糖体scopolinであることを明らかにした。また共存するnoreugeninにも弱い活性があることを認めた。沖縄地域で, 古くから用いられている木材保存技術の1つとして, 海水処理がある。この方法が抗蟻値に及ぼす影響についての解明を試みるため, 海水および27種の塩類を用いて, いくつかの沖縄産材を処理し, その抗蟻性を検討した。その結果, 海水の主要成分であるNaClが特に抗蟻性に大きく寄与していることが明らかになった。さらに各種水溶性無機塩類について検討した結果, HgCl_2,各種バリウム塩, MgCl_2などが抗蟻性の大きい塩類であることを示した。イヌマキは沖縄地方で, 抗蟻性の大きい樹種として重宝がられている。約1225年および2510年経過したイヌマキ古材の木棺を入手し検討した。新材との比較により, ウエザリングの立場から, 抗蟻性の変化を追究した。殺蟻成分であるイヌマキラクトンAはいずれにもなお残存しているが, ウエザリング期間の延長と共に減少しており, 抗蟻値の低下傾向とよく一致していた。すでに述べたように木材のもつ抗蟻性は抽出成分に大きく依存する。そこで, 沖縄産材のうち抗蟻性の大きいいくつかの樹種について, 抽出成分と市販されているいくつかの合成殺虫剤を用いて, プロトゾアとの関係を検討した。沖縄産材からの抽出成分と市販の合成殺虫剤はいずれもプロトゾアを減少させ, とくに大型プロトゾアの減少数と抗蟻値の減少する傾向とがよく一致した。このことはプロトゾアの計測が重要なシロアリ試験法の一つであり得ることを示したものである。","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"Tremendous species of termites live in the tropical areas. As termites have brought about severe economic damages, investigations on termites woods interaction had been made by several workers. The first of this chemical investigation on termite-resistant wood was reported by M. Oshima, who isolated termiticidal oily substance from Callitris glauca in 1919. Afterwards, many termiticidal substance from tropical wood species had been reported by G. N. Wolcott, W. Sandermann and others. Description on the termite-resistant wood species in the temperate area of Japan was made by H. Watanabe and coworkers and this was followed by isolation and identification of numerous termiticidal substances by T. Kondo and I. Saeki and coworkers. In this theses, the relative values of antitermitic actitivities of 18 kinds of subtemperate timbers grown in the Okinawa islands and two kinds of timbers in the temperate area of Japan against the subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki were estimated. A method for termite tests by H. Watanabe and coworkers was to say, that each test termite in the form of small block was exposed usually to attacking by termites including 300 workers and 30 soldiers at room temperature and relative humidity of ca. 98%. After feeding for 40 days, the percentage of weight loss of timber due to the termite attack was determined. Now, the auther has proposed an alternative test methods, in which the antitermitic values were measured by weight loss of a group termites during test periods for two weeks. These two methods were adopted to caluculate the antitermitic values quantitativelly. Wood materials for the termite test were prepared and examined in the forms of small block, shaving and meal respectively. Very differently from the results in the two formers, antitermitic activities of Sendan (Melia azedarach L.), Hetsuka-nigaki (Adina racemosa Miq.), Ji-sugi (a local species of Cryptomeria japonica D. Don), and Inumaki (Podocarpus macrophyllus Lamb) were remarkable only in the case of wood meals. Furthermore, the names of the wood species disclosed here agreed completely with those of the termite-resistant wood species for construction handed down to nowadays in the Okinawa islands.","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"It was therefore, belived that the termite test of woods for construction was more adequate to performing in the form of wood meal than in those of small block and shaving, and further the termite-proof value of woods for construction appeared after long periods of weathering would be dependent mainly upon chemical factor, namely extractives in the wood. The termite-resistance of Sendan and Hetsuka-nigaki was, therfore, investigated on the basis of above experimental results. The relative termite-resistance was different in different part of Sendan trees. Although the methanol extractives from the barks were more effective on the termite-resistance than those from the leaves, woods and seeds, the woods were chosen and examined because of its economic importance. It was shown that the termite-resistance of the Sendan wood should be attributed to the neutral fraction of the methanol extractives which could be divived into three active fractions. Among them, one with higher polarity and the highest activity contained both nimbolin A, a known limonoid and an unknown compound, C_<23>H_<38>O_5 as maijor substances causing termite-resistance of the Sendan wood. Extractives from Hetsuka-nigaki was then examined for the next species. As in the case of Sendan tree, extractives from the barks were more active than those from leaves and woods. The termiticidal substances from the wood as well as bark were found to be in the acetone solubles, from which β-sitosterol, noreuganin, crystalline scopoletin and scopolin were isolated by the method of chromatography. Out of these compounds, scopoletin and scopolin were shown to be main termiticidal substances and noreuganin to be less active. One of the traditional method of wood preserv","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"紀要論文","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1617186643794":{"attribute_name":"Publisher","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1522300295150":"ja","subitem_1522300316516":"琉球大学農学部"}]},"item_1617186702042":{"attribute_name":"Language","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1551255818386":"jpn"}]},"item_1617186783814":{"attribute_name":"Identifier","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_type":"HDL","subitem_identifier_uri":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/4218"}]},"item_1617186920753":{"attribute_name":"Source Identifier","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1522646500366":"ISSN","subitem_1522646572813":"0370-4246"},{"subitem_1522646500366":"NCID","subitem_1522646572813":"AN00250548"}]},"item_1617186941041":{"attribute_name":"Source Title","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1522650068558":"ja","subitem_1522650091861":"琉球大学農学部学術報告"},{"subitem_1522650068558":"en","subitem_1522650091861":"The Science Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture. University of the Ryukyus"}]},"item_1617187056579":{"attribute_name":"Bibliographic Information","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1978-12-01","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"25","bibliographicPageEnd":"613","bibliographicPageStart":"555"}]},"item_1617258105262":{"attribute_name":"Resource Type","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_1617265215918":{"attribute_name":"Version Type","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1522305645492":"VoR","subitem_1600292170262":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85"}]},"item_1617605131499":{"attribute_name":"File","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_access","filename":"KJ00000161972.pdf","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"objectType":"fulltext","url":"https://u-ryukyu.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2003232/files/KJ00000161972.pdf"},"version_id":"1fa71b83-c67b-4793-a8f3-50b3f17c3ed4"}]},"item_title":"沖縄産材の抗蟻性について(林学科)","item_type_id":"15","owner":"1","path":["1642837910985","1642838407312"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2008-02-14"},"publish_date":"2008-02-14","publish_status":"0","recid":"2003232","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["沖縄産材の抗蟻性について(林学科)"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2022-10-31T01:18:08.369964+00:00"}