{"created":"2022-01-27T07:31:39.402392+00:00","id":2003355,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"fc91ac76-b36a-4007-81eb-f0a4a6c9e0ba"},"_deposit":{"id":"2003355","owners":[1],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"2003355"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:u-ryukyu.repo.nii.ac.jp:02003355","sets":["1642837622505:1642837905044:1642837909137","1642838403551:1642838407312"]},"author_link":[],"item_1617186331708":{"attribute_name":"Title","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1551255647225":"沖縄に分布する Phytophthora 属菌と植物疫病とくにパインアップルしんぐされ病に関する研究(農学科)","subitem_1551255648112":"ja"},{"subitem_1551255647225":"Studies on the genus Phytophthora and pineapple heart rot disease found in Okinawa (Department of Agriculture)","subitem_1551255648112":"en"}]},"item_1617186419668":{"attribute_name":"Creator","attribute_type":"creator","attribute_value_mlt":[{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"田盛, 正雄","creatorNameLang":"ja"}]},{"creatorNames":[{"creatorName":"Tamori, Masao","creatorNameLang":"en"}]}]},"item_1617186476635":{"attribute_name":"Access Rights","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1522299639480":"open access","subitem_1600958577026":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2"}]},"item_1617186626617":{"attribute_name":"Description","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"この論文は, 1)沖縄に分布するPhytophthora属菌の種類と宿主範囲を明らかにし, 各宿主から分離した菌株間の形態, 卵胞子形成, 病原性などについて比較を行ない, 2)パインアップルしんぐされ病について, 沖縄における分布を調べ, 病原菌と宿主の関係を究明し, 防除法について論じた。沖縄で発生するPhytophthoraの種類は, P. cinnamomi(宿主はパインアップル), P. colocasiae(サトイモ), P. cyperi(シチトウイ), P. infestans f. sp. infestans(ジャガイモ, トマト), P. nicotianae var. parasitica(オクラ, ネギ, パインアップル, パパヤ, キュウリ, クジャクサボテン, トマト, ニガウリ, タバコ, ニチニチソウ), P. palmivora(ピーマン), P. sp.(ナス, シュンギク)の7種類である。宿主としてニガウリとシュンギクは新しい記録である。P. nicotianae var. parasiticaは, 宿主範囲が広く, その被害も大きい。また, 宿主のちがいによって, その形態, 病原性に変化がある。例えば, 遊走子のうの大きさ, ことに長さにおいて, 平均値の最も小さい36μ(宿主はネギ)から, 最も大きい47μ(パパヤ)まで, ほぼ連続的に変異がある。沖縄産Phytophthoraの中には, Smootらが発見したと同様に, 卵胞子を形成するための2つの菌糸和合性グループ(Sexually compatible mating groups, A^1 and A^2)がある。A^1に属する菌株は, P-2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,10(2), 10(3), 10(4), 10(5), 11(2), 11(3), があり, A^2に属する菌株には, P-1,5,10(6), があることがわかった。A^1とA^2の対峙培養によって形成される卵胞子の数と大きさには差がある。A^2のP-5とA^1の対峙においては, 同じくA^2のP-1とA^1のそれよりも卵胞子形成数が多く, 卵胞子の大きさも前者がはるかに大きい。なお, A^1の菌株間の比較では, 一部形成数の差が認められたが, 卵胞子の大きさはほとんど差がなかった。以上のことから, Heterothallic菌の対峙培養によって形成される卵胞子の性質(少なくとも形成数と大きさ)は, いずれか一方の性(ここではA^2のP-1,P-5など)によって決定されるものと考えられる。対峙培養によって得られた卵胞子の発芽率は, 比較的高く, 67%もあり, 発芽適温は20℃付近で, 最高発芽に要する最短時間は約8時間である。発芽はほとんど発芽管を出して発芽するが, 発芽直後に遊走子のうを形成せず, 大部分は発芽直後から発芽管あるいは菌糸が肥大変形し, 分岐が多いことが特徴である。","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"沖縄産PhytophthoraのP-1からP-13までの菌株を使用して, パインアップルの葉, 各種の幼植物, 果実に対する接種試験の結果, 幼植物に対して, A^2のP-1が他の菌株に比べて弱い病原性であること, 同じくA^2のP-5が供試果実すべてに対して病原性がないことが注目される。パインアップル葉に対しては, 病原性の差が明らかに現われ, ほぼつぎの4グループに分けられる。すなわち, 1)最も病原性の強い菌株, P-10; 2)やや強い菌株, P-3,4,7,8,1; 3)弱い菌株, P-5,9,12,6,11; 4)最も弱い菌株, P-2,13である。沖縄におけるパインアップルしんぐされ病は, パインアップル栽培全地域にわたって発生しているが, ことに, 石垣島では, 他の島に比べて著しく多い。発生時期は, 秋から翌年の初夏にかけてみられ, 苗の植え付け後2∿3か月目の発生が著しい。病原菌は2種類あるが, Phytophthora cinnamomiは1地区に認められただけで, 他のすべての発生地での病原菌はP. nicotianae var. parasiticaである。パインアップル葉の白色部と緑色部に遊走子を接種すると, 発芽率の差は認められないが, 発芽管は, 緑色部よりも白色部において著しく伸長し, 附着器形成率は, 白色部よりも緑色部においてはるかに高い。病原菌を葉の白色部に接種すると, 頂葉から25葉あたりまでは発病するが, 第26葉以下の下葉ではまったく発病が認められない。また, よく発病する1枚の葉についてみると, 葉の基部から2∿3cmまでは, 接種すると発病するが, 基部から4cm以上離れた点に接種してもまったく発病しない。このような現象は, パインアップルの細胞膜の厚さと関係が深いと考えられる。すなわち, 葉の表面近くの細胞膜の厚い緑色部では, 遊走子の発芽後に発芽管の伸長が抑制され, その先端が異常に膨らみ, また, 侵入が妨げられるが, 葉の基部の細胞膜の薄い白色部では, 遊走子の発芽が正常に行なわれ, 容易に侵入発病するものと考えられる。本病を防除するには, キャプタン剤(オーソサイド)あるいはマンネブ剤(マンネブダイセン)の400倍液に苗を浸漬して植えたあと, 降雨のないときは30日毎に薬剤散布を行ない, 降雨の多いときは15日あるいは7日おきに薬剤散布をする必要がある。また, 11月から翌年の4月までを薬剤散布の時期と決めて, 上記の方法を適用すると本病の防除は可能である。","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"In this report presented were the results of 1) an investigation on the characteristics of the host range of Phytophthora spp., found in Okinawa, and the comparison of their morphological characteristics, the productivity of oospores, and pathogenicity among the isolates from each host plant, and 2) an ivestigation on the distribution of heart rot disease of pineapple in the Okinawa Islands, and discussed were the relationships between pathogen and host plant and possible chemical control measures. The species of Phytophthora, identified in the present investigation to be found in Okinawa were six known species and one unknown species; P. cinnamomi (host is Ananas comosus), P. colocasiae (Colocasia esculenta), P. cyperi (Cyperus malaccensis var. brevifolius), P. infestans f. sp. infestans (Solanum tuberosum, Lycopersicon esculentum), P. nicotianae var. parasitica (Abelmoschus esculentus, Allium fistulosum, Ananas comosus, Carica papaya, Cucumis sativus var. tuberculatus, Epiphyllum, hybridum, Lycopersicon esculentum, Momordica charantia var. pavel, Nicotiana tabaccum, Catharanthus roseus), P. palmivora (Capsicum annuum var. angulosum), and P. sp. (Solanum melongena. Chrysanthemum coronarium). Momordica charantia var. pavel and Chrysanthemum coronarium are the host plantes added newly this time. P. nicotianae var. parasitica showed wide ranges in its morphological characteristics and pathogenicity depending on its host plants, which covered a wider range of plant species and received more intensive damages from the pathogen than others. For example, the size, expressed in length, of zoosporangium varied continuously from the smallest of an average value of 36μ in the case of Allium fistulosum, a host plant, to the largest of an average value of 47μ in the case of Carica papaya (Table 1 and Plates III∿V). Phytophthora, found in Okinawa, had two sexually compatible mating groups A^1 and A^2 for the production of oospore as discovered by Smoot and others.","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"The isolates belonging to A^1 were P-2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,10(2), 10(3), 10(4), 10(5), 11(2), and 11(3) and those belonging to A^2 were P-1,5,and 10(6). The oospores formed by the cross culture between A^1 and A^2 varied in their number and sizes. In cross culture of P-5 of A^2 and A^1 generated the oospore whose number was greater than the oospore of P-1 or A^2 and that of A^1 and whose size was far greater than those of P-1 of A^2 and A^1 (Tables 3 and 4). Also, among the isolates belonging to A^1 the number of the oospore formed varied slightly in some group but their size did not show any variation. From the above points, the characteristics, at least the number and size, of the oospore formed by the cross culture of heterothallic fungiwere considered to be determined by either one of sexes (P-1 and P-5 of A^2 in this case). The ratio of the germination of the oospore obtained by cross culture was relatively high, reaching to 67%. An optimum temperature for the germination had a broad range near 20℃, at which the shortest time required for the highest germination was about 8 hours (Tables 5 and 6,and Figs. 1 and 2). In all cases the germination could be detected by the distinct formation of germ tubes. In no case the formation of zoosporangium was observed. The characteristic of the germination was that the germ tubes or hypha increased their sizes and changed their shapes to form multiple branchings immediately' after the germination (Plates VII and VIII). Using the isolates of P-1 through P-13 of Phytophthora, found in Okinawa, inoculation tests for the leaves of pineapple, various young plants, and fruits gave the result that P-1 of A^2,comparing to other isolates, showed a weaker pathogenicity for young plants while P-5 of the same A^2 presented no pathogenicity for the all fruits tested in this work. For the leaves of pineapple, the variation of the pathogenicity was distinct and could be classified into the following four groups : 1) the isolate with the high","subitem_description_type":"Other"},{"subitem_description":"紀要論文","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_1617186643794":{"attribute_name":"Publisher","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1522300295150":"ja","subitem_1522300316516":"琉球大学農学部"}]},"item_1617186702042":{"attribute_name":"Language","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1551255818386":"jpn"}]},"item_1617186783814":{"attribute_name":"Identifier","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_identifier_type":"HDL","subitem_identifier_uri":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12000/4363"}]},"item_1617186920753":{"attribute_name":"Source Identifier","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1522646500366":"ISSN","subitem_1522646572813":"0370-4246"},{"subitem_1522646500366":"NCID","subitem_1522646572813":"AN00250548"}]},"item_1617186941041":{"attribute_name":"Source Title","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1522650068558":"ja","subitem_1522650091861":"琉球大学農学部学術報告"},{"subitem_1522650068558":"en","subitem_1522650091861":"The Science Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture. University of the Ryukyus"}]},"item_1617187056579":{"attribute_name":"Bibliographic Information","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"1974-12-01","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"},"bibliographicIssueNumber":"21","bibliographicPageEnd":"72","bibliographicPageStart":"1"}]},"item_1617258105262":{"attribute_name":"Resource Type","attribute_value_mlt":[{"resourcetype":"departmental bulletin paper","resourceuri":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}]},"item_1617265215918":{"attribute_name":"Version Type","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_1522305645492":"VoR","subitem_1600292170262":"http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85"}]},"item_1617605131499":{"attribute_name":"File","attribute_type":"file","attribute_value_mlt":[{"accessrole":"open_access","filename":"KJ00000162467.pdf","mimetype":"application/pdf","url":{"objectType":"fulltext","url":"https://u-ryukyu.repo.nii.ac.jp/record/2003355/files/KJ00000162467.pdf"},"version_id":"e111cb8b-d59a-4669-9c6b-58b5583d9fc4"}]},"item_title":"沖縄に分布する Phytophthora 属菌と植物疫病とくにパインアップルしんぐされ病に関する研究(農学科)","item_type_id":"15","owner":"1","path":["1642837909137","1642838407312"],"pubdate":{"attribute_name":"PubDate","attribute_value":"2008-02-14"},"publish_date":"2008-02-14","publish_status":"0","recid":"2003355","relation_version_is_last":true,"title":["沖縄に分布する Phytophthora 属菌と植物疫病とくにパインアップルしんぐされ病に関する研究(農学科)"],"weko_creator_id":"1","weko_shared_id":-1},"updated":"2022-10-31T01:20:35.806989+00:00"}