@article{oai:u-ryukyu.repo.nii.ac.jp:02008224,
 author = {西里, 喜行 and Nishizato, Kikou},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {International journal of Okinawan studies},
 month = {Mar},
 note = {Shoken（尚賢、a Ryukyu King）chose a path that strengthened the ties between his and the Nan（Southern） Ming（南明）administration in China at the expense of the Ryukyu Kingdom's relationship with the Qing Dynasty（清朝）. One reason was the longstanding affiliation between Ryukyu and the Ming Dynasty（明朝）over the course of 250 years. Another more important reason was that the Nan Ming accepted Ryukyu's request to restart the raw silk trade. The Southern Ming authorities made an effort to obtain the loyalty of Shoken, but militarily, at least, they could not invest him as the Ryukyu king. Japanese authorities（Satsuma 薩摩 and Edobakufu 江戸幕府）considered the Qing Dynasty a threat to Japan and admitted tacitly that Shoken chose the Southern Ming. After Shoken died, Shositsu（尚質）inherited the throne and adopted an ambiguous diplomatic policy toward the Southern Ming and the Qing Dynasty for reasons of economic pragmatism. Therefore, he did not wish for that the Qing ambassador to come to the Ryukyus and requested instead that the Ryukyu delegation bring back a signature stamp and an Imperial edict. The Qing emperor（Shunzhi 順治） declared that an ambassador would be dispatched to Ryukyu to clarify the authority of the Qing Dynasty, but after several years, it canceled the mission to Ryukyu because of the risks involved in marine transit.The Kangxi（康煕）emperor reverted to the policy of the Shunzhi emperor, positively promoted the policy of investiture of Shositsu, and ordered the Qing ambassador to travel to Ryukyu. Simultaneously, the Kangxi emperor sent an Imperial edict to Shositsu and indicated that the investiture of Shositsu had been delayed due to neglect of duty by the ambassador. Furthermore, Kangxi indicated that the crime of neglect of duty by the Qing ambassador had been punished and that representatives had been ordered to sail to Ryukyu to invest Shositsu. Satsuma and Bakufu feared that the Qing ambassador would force his own manners and customs on the Ryukyus but finally tacitly accepted the investiture of Shositsu as the Ryukyu king by the Kangxi emperor., 論文},
 pages = {21--34},
 title = {明清交替期の中琉日関係再考 : 琉球国王の册封問題を中心に},
 volume = {1},
 year = {2010}
}